Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. It occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment, making breast self-exams, regular screenings, and medical awareness crucial.
Symptoms of Breast Cancer
- A lump in the breast or underarm
- Changes in breast shape or size
- Nipple discharge (bloody or clear)
- Skin dimpling or thickening
- Redness, swelling, or irritation on the breast
- Nipple retraction (turning inward)
- Persistent breast pain
Causes and Risk Factors
While the exact cause of breast cancer remains unknown, several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing the disease.
- Genetic Factors
- Family history of breast or ovarian cancer.
- Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
- Hormonal Factors
- Early menstruation (before age 12) or late menopause.
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
- Lifestyle-Related Factors
- Obesity and poor diet.
- Lack of physical activity.
- Alcohol and smoking.
- Age and Gender
- More common in women over 50.
- Men can also develop breast cancer, though it is rare.
Types of Breast Cancer
- Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS)
- Early-stage, non-invasive cancer confined to the milk ducts.
- Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)
- Most common type, spreading beyond the milk ducts into surrounding breast tissue.
- Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)
- A non-invasive condition that increases future breast cancer risk.
- Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC)
- A rare but aggressive form causing redness and swelling.
Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
- Mammogram – X-ray imaging for early detection.
- Ultrasound – Used for further evaluation of suspicious lumps.
- MRI Scan – Provides a detailed image of breast tissues.
- Biopsy – Removal of a small tissue sample for laboratory analysis.
Treatment Options
- Surgery
- Lumpectomy – Removes the tumor while preserving the breast.
- Mastectomy – Full or partial removal of the breast.
- Radiation Therapy
- Uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells and prevent recurrence.
- Chemotherapy
- Uses anti-cancer drugs to shrink or eliminate tumors.
- Targeted Therapy
- Focuses on specific cancer-causing molecules to stop growth.
- Hormonal Therapy
- Blocks estrogen or progesterone, which can fuel cancer growth.
When to Seek Medical Attention
- A new lump or sudden changes in the breast.
- Unexplained nipple discharge or skin changes.
- Persistent breast pain or swelling.
Conclusion
At Prajnam Breast Care Centre, we are committed to ensuring that every woman receives timely diagnosis, advanced treatment, and compassionate care for all breast-related conditions. Our goal is to empower women with awareness, education, and world-class medical expertise, helping them take charge of their breast health. With cutting-edge screening technologies and a patient-first approach, we strive to detect breast diseases early, provide the best possible treatment, and improve survival rates.
If you notice any unusual breast changes, don’t wait—schedule a consultation today for expert care and peace of mind.
